12 Jul 2014

The Electrical Science handbook consists of fifteen modules that are contained in four volumes. The following is a brief description of the information presented in each module of the handbook. Volume 1 of 4 Module 1 - Basic Electrical Theory This module describes basic electrical concepts and introduces electrical terminology. Module 2 - Basic. Principles of Electrical Engineering ET-115 Cover designed by: Hafiz Rafiuddin, Shahzad Ahmed First Edition Qty: 10000 Code: STE-536 Price: 140/- ISBN: 978-969-37.

Here all Old / Past papers of DAE (Diploma of Associate Engineering) are available of 2014

Subject Name : Principles of Electrical Engineering

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DAE Past Papers of ET.115 Principles of Electrical Engineering – First Year 2014. Here I am going to share Previous year paper of DAE Diploma level course Principles of Electrical Engineering, it is specialized subject of Electrical technology. This is For first Year Students, Paper “A” Part B code ET – 115 2014.

Code : ET. 115

Level : First Year

Paper “B” and Part B

For Category : Electrical Technology (ET)

Board : PBTE – Punjab Board of Technical Education

Year of Exam / Paper Release : 2014

Medium : English and Urdu both medium Papers are given below

Page No. 1

Page No. 2

Principle Of Electrical Engineering Et 115 Pdf

Total Marks are 60 and it has two parts, first one is objective short answers and 2nd one is long answers.

This paper is for all students of diploma level first year. It is also helpful for those students who are preparing for upcoming supplementary examination. This is Old paper of annual exam held in June 214. The subject of Electrical wiring and ET Engineering is consider tough specially when you are new and it is obviously first year so make sure you get help from our notes and given guess / model papers. Please share this post with your class fellows and comment below if you need any help. Take care.

1.4 Principles of Sustainable Engineering

'Engineering in context, engineering with a conscience, engineering for a finite planet and the indefinite future'
-Benoit Cushman-Roisin

Sustainable engineering should be based on principles that support sustainable development, as defined in the upper sections of this lesson. Engineering forms an interface between the design (i.e., the idea how to provide a sustainable solution to a technical problem) and implementation and production. In case of technology development, engineering phase is linked to almost every level of technology readiness spectrum. Sustainable engineering principles should be contemplated and applied early to ensure that technology development and scale-up follow the environmentally benign route. It will be hard to turn back to redo and redesign things from later stages! In that sense, the sustainable engineering principles should be taken into account in decision making for both research and industrial projects as well as in policy making and decisions regarding funding of technological research.

There have been multiple attempts by academic and industrial institutions to formulate sustainable engineering principles. All of them fall within the triangle with Environmental, Social, and Economic values as cornerstones. The overarching goal is to generate a balanced solution to any engineering problem. If an engineering project benefits one of these three aspects but ignores the others, we have a lopsided system which creates tension, instability, and new problems in the long run.

Here are some of the aspects that differentiate the traditional and sustainable approaches in engineering:

Principle Of Electrical Engineering Et 115 Pdf

Sustainability Approaches in Engineering
Traditional Engineering	Sustainable Engineering
Considers the object or process	Considers the whole system in which the object or process will be used
Focuses on technical issues	Considers both technical and non-technical issues synergistically
Solves the immediate problem	Strives to solve the problem for infinite future (forever?)
Considers the local context	Considers the global context
Assumes others will deal with political, ethical, and societal issues	Acknowledges the need to interact the experts in other disciplines related to the problem

The diagram in Figure 1.3. presents a consolidated framework for sustainable engineering principles, which are in part adopted from the work of Gagnon and co-authors 'Sustainable development in engineering: a review of principles and definition of a conceptual framework' (2008) and from the green engineering principles established by Sundestin Conference (2003).

Figure 1.3. Classification of sustainable engineering principles versus environmental, social, and economic criteria. Click on image to see a full version.

Click for text description. This will expand to provide more information.

Figure 1.3 text description

Various principles of sustainable engineering are placed on the perimeter of the triagle. On the trangle's bottom edge are the Society pole (left) and the Economy pole (right). From left to right, the four principles shown are as follows:

Offer individuals and communities the opportunity to increase their capabilities.
Know your 'needs' and 'wants.' Put primary focus on achieving needs of larger number of individuals.
Allocate in a fair manner benefits and costs related to economic activity and public policies.
Maintain a positive genuine long term investment considering all types of capital.

On the triangle's left edge are the Society pole (bottom) and the Environment pole (top). From bottom to top, the four principles shown are as follows:

Ensure that all material and energy inputs and outputs are as inherently safe and benign as possible.
Look beyond your own locality and the immediate future.
Preserve access to exosystems services essential to health and wellbeing.
Preserve biodiversity and respect all life forms regardless of how useful they are to humankind.

On the triangle's right edge are the Environment pole (top) and the Economy pole (bottom). From top to bottom, the four principles shown are as follows:

Stay within ecosystem's carrying capacity in terms of resource development and waste assimilation.
Develop closed cycles of operation and consumption to minimize waste.
Offset the use of non-renewable resources by investments in renewable substitutes.
Stimulate innovation to facilitate the adaption of more efficient and greener technologies.

The principles shown at the center of the triangle are as follows:

Engineering processes holistically, use system analysis, and integrate invironmental impact assessment tools.
Seek stakeholder involvement while respecting local subsidiarity and cultures.
Internalize all costs within the value of goods and services (polluters must pay).

Credit: based on concepts from Gagnon et al., 2008

Figure 1.3 lists the various principles of sustainable engineering versus environmental, social, and economic poles. Some of these principles clearly gravitate towards one of the corners of this triangle and thus address particularly societal, environmental, or economic concern. But some others, which are placed along the sides of the triangle, have connections to two of the poles of the diagram and address both societal and economic, or both economic and environmental concerns in some proportion. Those principles placed in the center of the diagram combine all three aspects of sustainability to a certain degree and hence their implementation would benefit all societal, environmental, and economic stakeholders. We should not consider this collection of principles set in

Principle Of Electrical Engineering Et 115 Pdf